The security services and features of Amir Temur's state

The article is devoted to philosophical understanding of the special service of the state of Amir Temur. Which introduce new forms of the state of Amir Temur and his special service. As you know, the special service of Amir Temur played a global role ustroystvo all powerful empire. It is shown that the philosophy of the special service of Amir Temur is not only very relevant at the time, but this time is also relevant. Based on the study, the author proposes to highlight the political and philosophical method of interpretation, gives its definition, formulates the main characteristics of the polytech analysis that make up the legal method.


INTRODUCTION
It is known from the world experience every state that wants to get up, have a full-fledged independence must secure both internal and external policies. Great conqueror Amir Temur most important value attached to the safety of their Kurgan State.
Amir Temur created the strongest and most powerful country in the management of which he took advantage of many institutions of governance. He represented his state in the form of the building and keep it divided into 12 columns of society. Among these columns there and place the security service.
Political and philosophical study show that each state which rules Amir Temur, he gave special importance to its security. In the book "Tuzuklar" in the chapter "Mulk Mamlakat, sipoҳu raiyat aҳvolidan habardor Islands ogoҳ bўlib turish tuzugi" about says: "Each province is proud, and city clerks in the army or security service, to record every situation hokims, the people, the soldiers provided me with information about their own and other troops. Obviously, Amir Temur instructed his subordinates to their safety of particular importance: 1. -From khokims, 2.-ie from raiyata people from 3.-warrior, 4.-ie from foreign troops subordinates must notify their position. And it is not casual, as in the first-ruler must know what is happening in his country, with the help of which he can safely rule them, and secondly, should learn military situation in countries located near the land if need to apply the necessary precautions. Thanks to information and research work of Ibn Arabshah "History Amir Temur", you can learn about the work performance of security Amir Temur, In this work, Amir Temur described black paint, but the rest of them mixing with historical perspective -priceless. (That Ibn Arabshah, as a historian, was able to describe in detail the appearance of the great commander. In this century by the religion of Islam, description and drawing of the appearance of man on the paper was not religious. Ensuring security in the mighty Lord, it was specifically the description of the Arab historian Ibn but Arabshah not talks about gratitude Amir Temur in the East. Therefore he described only the bitter truth about the construction and the state government "has an incomparable Amir Temur temper and is deep thinker. He sent all his lands his spies, and the remaining possessions were spies. If one were in Cairo, Louise, and others went to Damaske, Shamiysonii, who were among the Sufis. They were small and large traders, strong men heinous nature tormentors or artisans, astrologers, hermits, explorers and travelers, shoemakers, witches , crooks, but they could combine the two nasty side and were able to deftly peacefully resolve the situation. It turns out, from a political-philosophical studies, that the strength and power of Amir Temur, as the Lord, in his precautions to ensure the security of their land. To do this, he introduced a strong security system overhead in the face of messengers and clerks. 2 most important pillars official state security Amir Temur are: First -Inside the empire, ie within the country, how it feels e-ISSN : 2620 3502 p-ISSN : 2615 3785 Volume 3, Issue I, Jan 2020 | to people (always been notified). In this service, the official Amir Otlamish was the most prominent "Izvestnikom", but nothing about him historians do not tell. Second -foreign intelligence. This service notifies Amir Temur and sofas of the external position of the empire. Mainly in the service was fakih Masud al-Kuҳzhony. About him Ibn Arabshah wrote: "... he was outside eyes Amir Temur couch."

THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
Value information Ibn Arabshah that he gave only the correct information despite that described Lord Samarkand black paints. As Amir Timur created his official security system? Creeps into the question of what factors were the basis?
First -Release of Amir Temur the historical arena comes after the murder of Amir Kazagon and dispersion Movoraunnahra (he was a Turkish Emir, that the descendants of Genghis Khan and killing all mongolskih khans, put on the throne of puppet khans and 1346-1358g Movoraunnahrom all rules). In alliance with Amir Hussein in the fight against the Mongols Lord tempered the will and from that time he formed his official security system. It is these fierce wars have insight deliberately to solve all problems, so he was able to gather a loyal people.
Secondly -Amir Temur about experienced events in their work "Tuzuklar" says the news came that Tuғluk Temurhon of [warrior] Bikizhak, Hozhibek Erkin Ulug Toktemur kerayit and emirs Geta creating three battalions went to Movoraunnahra defeated and the three battalions stopped at a place called Huzor. Before you visit Tuғluk Temurhona I lured him wealth these greedy emirs, decided to defend viloyat Movarounnahr of executions. Amir Temur at this time was not yet led government, but had his own special reconnaissance. It is this special service inside Amir Temur follow Mongols more effective than external pursuit. Amir Temur was sure of honesty and devotion Tuғluk Temur so much so, as he knows from his scouts. At this time, comes the news of the revolt of the emirs Tuғluk Temurhoja Dashti Kipchak Khan Mugul before leaving reserves Amir Temur label on the government over all Movarounnahr. But after a few time Geta Khan returns and puts on the throne of his son Ileskhodzhu.
Emirs Ileskhodzhi afraid Amir Temur glorification among the local population, accuse him of rebellion and picked tell Tuғluk Temur. Mongol Khan sends the label of the execution of Amir Temur, but the document falls into the hands of devotees Amir Temur. It is known that from the time A. Temur set the foundation for the creation of "special service system" and they protected it from the various intrigues.
After the incident in Seyistone Amir Temur went to Balkh and precaution put their guard ahead. He made this in his "Tuzuklar" says, "Going to such a position, I noticed back in the top people as we move forward, hour after hour increased their number. Stopped and asked: "Who are they?" And sent him to his guards. They brought the news that this former army Kazanchi bold, separated from the troops Geta, with 100 riders and wandered looking for Amir. " We are well aware that the protection of the whole army and guarded convoy. Usually they can be in the center of the regiment, wing, rear or front, which served as scouts work. While A. Temur suffered a very severe test and inspection. In a study of "Tuzuklar" and both "Zafarnoma" became apparent, as it was difficult to carry out, although small but ferocious fights. Because it is such seemingly small fights were filling fierce intrigues and betrayals. but in such moments A. Temur, thanks to his talent, was able to get out of complicated situations and he fruitfully used his intelligence.

MAIN PART
In necessary situations even the A. Temur was to explore and his courage was a model for its soldiers. "... From a distance could be seen a few people, they passed through the top to find out who they are, I followed them. And saw that it was only 70 vsadnikovoe warriors, I asked: "Heroes who are you?" They replied, "We are the army of Amir Temur, we are looking for and can not find them." I replied: "I'm also one of the soldiers Amir, come with me I'll take you to him." We do not knowingly give this example. On the path of the great Lord of the State, a young Temur was brave, agile, nimble man who came out of any situation. This factor brought Temur, respect and a great value among ordinary soldiers. Naturally, it shows how he is a strong leader. Nizomiddin Shomy in his work "Zafarnoma" about what is happening with Amir Temur and said: "Where and when they would not have stayed, he immediately applied the precautionary measures." e-ISSN : 2620 3502 p-ISSN : 2615 3785 Volume 3, Issue I, Jan 2020 | "Standing here, I added three riders in the military Tamuki army and sent them across the river to the troops Termez Geta. Ordered them to bring news of their situation and plans. Tamuka four days later owe me that the army arrived at Geta Termez and began to plunder and kill innocent people. Hearing, I decided to go to a place Daragez. Then finding a good opportunity to attack on the army Geta. "-Lord writes in his" Tuzuklar". Obviously Amir Temur fruitfully used his military intelligence. He never did business "slipshod" before every thing he thought about the situation carefully from the beginning to the end and came in one solution. "Authority Amir Temur population every day increased. Former army that were in the ranks of the army of Geta, several groups of Turkish emirs: Sulaimon Barlos Amir, Amir Moussa Barlos, Amir Zhoku Barlos, Jaloliddin Amir, Amir Ҳinduka Barlos, renouncing Geta troops arrived in Termez. Learning about this Amir Temur immediately arrive. These emirs from thousands of military riders announce their desire to join the troops Amir Temur. " And here a special system of Intelligence Amir Temur has an impressive role. So he was able to bring back those emirs and attach them to yourself. For independence of his country, he conducted cruel and difficult fights and along with it, he paid more attention to its special security service.
Each held the day, in every moment he thought about the safety and put it in the first place, so he was able to solve intricate situations difficult stages of his life. Despite the time when life was cruelly for property and wealth ibivali brothers each other, local, major emirs and ulus was dishonesty and injustice Lord could gather a loyal and dedicated people.
Continuing the battle against Mongol Amir Temur beware of strong fights, did not want to shed a lot of blood and basically tried to resolve the situation diplomatically. Euphony translated to his side enemies. And in this case, he turned to his special intelligence service. He sought an ally inside the enemy if need at odds their enemies and take advantage of this opportunity.
I must say that in this work using a special Amir Temur Safety Service raised its credibility among the common people. Hence, the system introduced prudent work. Ibn Arabshah claims that Lord could reasonably use Darwesh, qalandars, traders, and other figures of various trades for their own propaganda. Seen how much special intelligence service conducted its work for many years to protecting life and the Lord of all egogosudarstvo. But the economic aspect of the system was on the main level. Ie Amir Temur've spared no expense to learn the secrets of opponents. And in this he sklonivalsya to quote: "If you are alert, you check." In the work "Tuzuklar" in the "Tenth Meeting to create imperia" Amir Temur to further strengthen and consolidate its power in the region is gone Badakhshan. There he meet with her grandson and brother (in-law) by Emir Hussein Kazagana where they discussed, met with checks Badakhshan. We have to consider that and Badakhshan were already aware of the great victories of the Lord, and believed that the need to please him. It is clear that the special intelligence Amir Temur was very cautious and kept right taktiku.oni spread ancient Turkish proverb, "Will the people who said to each other -the brave." "After joining Badakhshan shahs to my subordinates, I went in Khatlon. Here due to abuse brother Amir Hussein Pulod Bug Cher Bahram separated from him and were in his encampments. Leaving there, I stopped at a small mountain brook Dashti Fist. From there, I sent his scouts to the troops and Geta Ileskhodzha to learn about their situation. The scouts returned ten days later and said: Amira Geta: first-Kuch Temir Bekchik coals second-Temur Nubkon third-Shankum fourth sibling Hozhibeka Tugrulhodzha with twenty vsadnymi voyskomi fighting in areas Haloty Bullets and Sangin. They wanted to know where I am and how many troops were sent to me a messenger. (To divert messenger), I ordered his soldiers to go in front of him twice, and then let him go. Here it should be noted that for the sake of freedom of the motherland Amir Temur introduced a very fierce fighting with the enemy, in which he did not always find a clean, true to yourselves friends.
"I kept them all in hope and terror" -writes Lord in his work "Tuzuklar." This factor comes to the cruel laws of the time, and as the soldiers knew that sweet temper to achieve its goal will be impossible. Even in our days in the problem of security can not be handiness. If this system is weak, it can destroy a huge state. When you create a state Amir Temura and gaining his power serves as a special security service.
One thing is clear, from the Lord of the experiments that he used in many moments of the Islamic religion and even managed to cope with is not an easy task. For example, in the chapter "Bakara" of the holy book "Quran" verse 249 says: "Thanks Allohu many small groups Defeat large groups of troops." e-ISSN : 2620 3502 p-ISSN : 2615 3785 Volume 3, Issue I, Jan 2020 | Several times he remembers this verse and tells his men. It is this verse in the great Lord of the security of the country was the main precept, as the army and Geta in both quality and quantity was much larger than in decayed Movoraunnahre Turkish emirs. But despite this, people were Amir Temura devotees and they became more and more. "Once I found the prophecy, then immediately put in order his army" says Amir Temur. This prophecy has served to unite the scattered people, the most important thing for establishing a great state. Love of country, devotion to the homeland predovat Amir Temuru strength, power, and in whatever way was not to achieve their goal. "I sent a letter to a friend in subjection Amir Hussein and asked me to inform about plans Emir." Be aware of all the plans of the enemy, he believed Lord -it is half the battle.
"Whatever money, property, people, caravans, khans from neighboring countries, their gossip, activity, did not come into the country, all information should be up to me." On the shoulders of security laid down as surveillance of people who came in and out of the country. Such tracking lyumi there and modern states. This system was supposed to notify visitors about Lord caravans from abroad, from which country, why and with what products came on the part of traders, what news and data they own. Security Service was not only to know the secrets of others, but also about the power rassprostranit Amir Temura other countries.
Amir Temur on the shoulders of the security services had offered great responsibility every information. If the information was false, they can get the most severe punishment. State Security Amir Temura was treated responsibly every Assignments Lord. Hence, the security services had to treat everyone with instructions Amir Temura huge responsibility.
"I order you to camel riders in 1000, 1000 riders on horseback and 1000 runners traveled to different countries, learned about the intentions and plans of their masters, so we were always on the ready." "If you are vigilant, you check" -wrote a great thinker Alisher Navoi. To build a great country and great grand master rule this great country first and foremost need to be vigilant. As part of the security Amir Temura were not only intelligent, educated, smart, but also very cunning people. So, as a special security is not the work of one person and one person can not handle himself with the task.
In his work "Tuzuklar" Lord writes: "As it brought the news of the defeat Tuhtamyshhana Uruskhan. And I knew that he would come to me asking for help. I began preparing to battle against Uruskhan helping Tuhtamyshu. " Genghis Amir Temura were the main opponents, even in a situation with Dashti Kipchak Lord through his scouts brought not trust the two allies. For Amir Temura unity Genghisides each other was the biggest obstacle to independence Movoraunnahra. Scouts bringing news of the security service Uruskhan also brought news about the military capabilities of his army. Amir Temura scouts have done their best to ignite the flame again situation Dashti Kipchak. At a young age Tuhtamyshhana, Uruskhan kills his father, and thanks Tuhtamyshhan "invisible hands" comes to ask for help from Amir Temura. In Dashti Kipchak were small -small Khanate, which were influenced by Amir Temura as Lord did not want their unity and did his best. Here, in the face of Amir Temura, we see the strategic policy that looks deeply at what is happening....
Amir Temur before starting military movement is always based on reliable information of their scouts. For example, to remove people from the fortress Amir Hussein Karshi Amir Temuru needed with only 243 militia. He decided to cheat, and ostensibly with all his army went to Hurosan even crossed the Amu Darya river. Caravans returning from Hurosana in Mavoraunnahr using scouts thought so too, ie contemporary language they used misinformation. They sent a caravan of their rights. This misinformation has led to a relaxation of Amir Hussein Amir Moussa. As a result, we reported earlier, A, Temur and his 243 militia sent in Karshi and captures the fortress.
Security in the country and each time has been and is the most important problem to solve. Amir Timur always read about the history of the former masters, carefully studied their fate and removed the necessary lessons. In building their independent state, he always began his deliberate actions, we know its introduction of its policy. Key to success was specifically planned action. Especially she was a leading position in a special security service.
First, the inside of the empire, ie domestically scouts lived in all lands, vhodivschie the empire, local rulers were not aware of their existence. They notify the Master of the economic, social and political activities of the local rulers, which gave positive results in the just rule of Lord. At the same time, the scouts spread the glory of the victories of the people and for the benefit of charity Lord religion. Hurt very well enjoyed by dervishes, traders and religious ulema. Received the highest respect and among religious people; Ulema, sheikhs, praying and madrassa students. Was the foundation of society, the Islamic religion. He always watched over their activities, justice and tried to reward them, as they could introduce the Lord every success in the hearts and minds of the people. Login to the throne took Amir Temur Islam as a means to further strengthen their power.
Second-foreign intelligence. It used borderless Darwesh, traders. We know that at this time Qalandar were all areas of Muslim countries, since they were poor and they had not been touched. Traders were also free to people who could trade all. Historians claim that the caravans were Amir Temura From China to Rome, with the Golden Horde to Egypt, covering major cities, as well as trade and work in the "intelligence." Amir Temur competently able to use people from other religions and castes, such as Christians and Catholics. He sent as ambassador, Christian leaders in Europe. Ambassador and was a scout Amir Temur that still exists in our days. The country conducted its activities Amir Temur arhieskop cities such as Francisco Francisco Sadr Sultoni Ionn. For example, in 1402 a letter to Master Ionn brought the kings of France and England. Muslim diplomats in Europe was only Muҳammad Keshy, who knew several European languages. Amir Temur enjoyed not only religion and sects, he used and foreigners, as their intelligence. Of these great empires and large countries as the Golden Horde, Syria, Egypt, Turkey, China Amir Temura scouts brought him a new lead. That's why the country who knew a lot of information will always be carefully to pay attention to their own safety. Third, the main appeal for discipline within the army, which played a big role in the fate of the state. And security service played no small role in the formation of such an army. Military intelligence, strict discipline in its activities and loyalty Overlord provided further success. Control over the activities of the intelligence services was only the central sofa and personally dedicated people Lord. This provided an increase in the result and classified information.
It should be noted that the forces of intelligence Amir Temura were very ambitious, even feast Zainuddin Abubakr Toybody prominent scientist of his time also alerted about the situation in Hurosane.
The battle for the throne between the years 1365-1370 Turon Amir Temur Amir Huseinom and lasted until the complete defeat Amir Huseina. Of course, the fight has not been easy for Amir Temur. Because Amir Hussain was also a Turk and some emirs quickly passed, then one or the other side of that very weakened the strength of all. Amir Temur finally able to move to his side many influential emirs and carelessness Amir Husayn weakened forces and led to his defeat. This did well his special system security. Because these forces have played a major role in the transition of the emirs in his direction. These factors show that Amir Temur was very strong politician. So, how to translate the emirs who have their ulus and his army had to be smart and piercing diplomats. every word Amir Temura should pierce the soul and Amir ullamov if necessary decorate promises and people using the Special Security Service.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, I must say that on the day segodneyshny uvilichalsya Amir Temura interest in the personality. Attracts the attention of the world's scientists built state Amir Temur their strength and power.