Improving the effectiveness of learning military concepts through interactive methods

Annotation: The information and knowledge accumulated by mankind over the centuries should be assimilated and enriched by each new generation and serve the development of society. The acquisition of accumulated information and knowledge is a very complex process and should be organized only on a scientific basis. But every process is a social phenomenon. Therefore, it has its own rules and characteristics. The didactic department of pedagogy deals with the study, analysis of the rules of the educational process and the search for new areas of knowledge, the development of effective methods of their acquisition. Philosophy, psychology, and physiology also study the educational process, human cognition, and the phenomena of thinking. However, didactics approaches these issues as a specialized science and conducts research. Didactics deals with all aspects of education, its organization, acquisition of knowledge, definition of the content of education, methods and rules of teaching.


Introduction
Teaching involves two activities: a teacher and a student. The teacher's activity is to describe the teaching materials, to stimulate students interest in science, to guide students' independent study, to test their knowledge and skills, to stimulate their interest in learning, to encourage them, is an objective assessment of knowledge levels.
The activity of a teacher is an external aspect of the educational process, because he teaches, teaches. Student activity is an internal process because it reads and understands the knowledge given by the teacher. The main purpose of education is to equip the younger generation with scientific knowledge, skills and abilities. Acquiring scientific knowledge means understanding the connections between certain disciplines, being able to interpret them, generalize independently, and draw conclusions. Based on this, students develop cognitive skills such as observation, thinking, memory, and faith. The most important aspects of science are studied in the educational process. No matter how simple a teacher describes his subject, he must be profoundly scientific.
Didactics deals with the scientific, theoretical, methodological and practical foundations of the educational process, that is, the independent death of pedagogy with the theory of education, teaching, teaching. Didactics is a Greek word meaning "didasco", meaning teaching. In the process of studying and analyzing the laws of education, the concept of education, its essence, content and objectives, knowledge of the principles and forms of teaching are described.
Education is one of the most complex forms of human cognitive activity, which greatly accelerates individual mental development and the acquisition of knowledge. The teacher is not limited to imparting knowledge in the learning process, but in the process, the teacher influences the student, which further enhances their learning, resulting in the student becoming an active participant in the learning process. Educational success depends first and foremost on the teacher. As a specialist, in-depth knowledge of the subject, a master of pedagogical communication, psychological and pedagogical and methodological knowledge and skills, prompt study and assessment of various pedagogical situations, the optimal method of pedagogical influence and have the ability to select tools. The main task of education is to equip a person with scientific knowledge, skills and abilities. Education, as a form of human cognition, has several meanings. That is, to develop students' knowledge, skills, and attitudes, to form their worldviews, ideas, and beliefs, and to develop their abilities.
Through education, the younger generation is given the knowledge gained through human experience, the necessary skills and beliefs. Education is a joint activity of teachers and students, which is two-way, in which both teachers and students are actively involved. The teacher acquires knowledge, skills, and competencies based on a specific goal, plan, and program, and the student actively masters it. Communication is a complex, difficult, conflicting process of knowing. Processes related to the human psyche, such as intuition, perception, imagination and thinking, take an active part in this process and play an important role. It is about educating, educating young people, building skills and competencies, nurturing creative logical thinking that is capable of discovering new truths. Education is the process by which students develop their thinking, cognition, and thinking operations and actions. It is not a passive process, but an active, creative activity, a process of work unknown to the student. In the process of learning, the learner goes from ignorance to knowledge, from misunderstanding and ambiguity to more complete and precise knowledge. Mental processes such as intuition, perception, imagination, and thinking are actively involved in the acquisition of knowledge and are put into practice. In order for the teacher, the student, and the students to think in the right way, it is necessary to take into account the principle that practice is the basis of any knowledge. Pupils and students ability to think freely should be taught through teaching and practice. In the process of thinking, the student learns to analyze and compare realities, to draw conclusions in areas of knowledge that are understandable to them, that is, to form simple and then more complex concepts and ideas.
Students will gradually begin to apply what they have learned to the best of their ability. In dealing with students, the teacher must effectively manage the educational process. The educational process is an integral process. We must not forget that we are brought up in the process of teaching. It is important to keep in mind that eloquence, non-satirical speech, teacher dress ethics, and the ability to express and express ideas freely are practical exercises for students. Teaching methods play a key role in teaching.
Method is a Greek term that means the way to something, the way to achieve a goal. Methods can be divided into the following types, depending on the nature of the transmission and reception of any problem (target): Verbal method; Demonstration method; Practical method. Depending on the level of knowledge of students, the ability to master, the source of education, didactic tasks, it is appropriate to master the content of education. The following methods are used: -lecture-interview method of teaching; -Practical method of teaching.
-Method of laboratory work.
-The method of independent work.
-Problem heuristic modeling method.
-Problem-based and reproductive teaching methods. Inductive and deductive methods of teaching.
-Control and self-control method of teaching. Methods include the following groups: Methods of the first group: -Methods of verbal transmission and auditory reception of information (oral methods: story, lecture, conversation, etc.). The second group of methods: -methods of visual transmission and reception of educational information (visual method, visual demonstration, etc.).
The third group of methods: the provision of educational information through practical labor activities (practical methods, exercises, laboratory work, programming, solving pedagogical problems, labor movements, etc.). Methods of teaching incentives: 1. A method of stimulating interest in learning. 2. A method of encouraging duty and responsibility in education. Similarly, the methods of control and self-control in education are as follows. 1. Verbal control and self-control. 2. Written control and self-control. 3. Laboratory and practical control and self-monitoring method. 4. Test control. These techniques are used to shape students' learning, perception, comprehension, and practice activities. Explanatory and teaching methods. Using this method, the teacher explains and explains the topic verbally. Students, on the other hand, actively listen to, memorize, and understand. The storytelling method is used to explain and explain the basics of the topic. Explain the content of the study materials and explain the main points. To achieve this, the storytelling method is effective. This method of telling information and events that serve the topic activates attention and speeds up memory. Prerequisites for effective storytelling and storytelling: diligent use of the plan, reasonable consistency of coverage, successful selection of examples e-ISSN : 2620 3502 p-ISSN : 2615 3785 Volume 3, Issue X, October 2020 | and stories, selection of the necessary emotionality in the explanation and narration.
The story is divided into several types, the story is an introduction, the story is a narrative, and the story is divided into conclusions, which serve to illuminate the topic. In explaining the subject, the purpose of the subject is achieved through verbal narration, explanation or showing a picture, (illustration), the size of the story, its logical placement, figurative proof and generalization. serves part of the purpose.
Explanation and presentation of the text of the lecture are used in the oral presentation of information, longterm attention, methods of activating the thinking of the audience, proof, classification, systematization, generalization and other methods.
For example, let's take a military term: AVANGARD (AVANGARD) A motorized (tanker) division that is sent forward without a general division.
During the avant-garde march, it was the marching body, so that the main forces could advance without resistance and prevent the enemy from suddenly attacking them and infiltrating the enemy's ground intelligence into the path of the protected Kushin movement. it is explained orally that it is sent from the composition of the advancing divisions in the directions. The term avant-garde and its roots, and why it is used, will be discussed in detail in the lecture. During the lecture, the teacher keeps the student's attention around the concept of avant-garde and gives him new skills. We can observe the flow of information from one point to another. In addition: Avant-garde: during the attack -the loading of enemy units on the defensive within the boundaries of combat supplies in the specified direction; new concepts such as destroying the enemy's defensive units and sending them out of the first echelon units in order to delay the retreat of the main forces, terms that are still unclear to the student will begin to become apparent during the lecture . Helps to memorize information about a new concept by listening to the student's memory.
The method of explanation and narration is based on well-thought-out ideas and questions, which lead the student to master the system of facts, new military concepts and laws. For example: DIVIZION (DIVIZION) 1) is an artillery regiment (brigade) division. It is possible for a division to be separate, that is, not to be part of a regiment or a brigade. 2 -4 batteries and special cushion units; 2) in the navy, a uniform consisting of ships of the same type 3 and 4 colors, usually included in the composition of ships; 3) It is clearly explained that it is the main tactical and fire-fighting unit in the missile forces and artillery. And the term is explained on the basis of resolving questions that arise on the basis of a new military term. Understanding allows the formation of new knowledge between the lower consciousness and the higher consciousness. In addition: The division can be independent or part of an association, based on the explanation of new concepts about the presence of artillery divisions in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It will be given.
Problem-solving methods of teaching; the system is used in verbal, visual and practical methods. In the process of problem-based learning, the teacher provides tasks that stimulate, activate and sharpen the cognitive activity of students. Students work creatively, independently or with the help of a teacher, to solve it. For example: JANG (MUKHORABA) (SRAJENIYe) Describing through several exhibitions that a combat operation or a separate stage is a set of blows and battles given by units and formations, combined with a common idea to achieve a goal, Amir Temur the realization through miniatures leads to the emergence of a relative interest in the student in a set of shared impressions of what has historically been.
Examples of warfare: general warfare; tank battle; air combat of aircraft; combat against air attack; ship battles at sea can be cited, and the fact that these battles are given through maps, how they are formed and developed in modern and historical terms, makes a great impression on the student's memory through memory.
Combat is divided into offensive and defensive, depending on the purpose and type of action. Characterized by the decisive action of the warring parties, the large scale, diligence and development of the army. The fact that battles can be part of large-scale operations, sieges, offensive or defensive battles allows the student to discover and learn for himself or herself, and to learn more during military operations.
The student learns that military intelligence is an attack by special units to obtain information about the enemy, and that combat intelligence is not available through other means learns based on the search. The use of such an interactive method requires the student to have the ability to search, to learn new terms based on their interests, as well as to apply them in a practical situation.
The fact that a motorized or tank battalion (platoon) and reconnaissance units can be assigned to conduct this type of reconnaissance, supported by artillery and sometimes aircraft fire, also goes to the root of the term.
EXITING FROM THE BATTLE (VYHOD IZ BOYA) The student also learns how to move forces away from the enemy and his blows in order to move away or in the opposite direction. e-ISSN : 2620 3502 p-ISSN : 2615 3785 Volume 3, Issue X, October 2020 | According to the order of the commander-in-chief, it can be carried out mainly at night, under the protection of a special force, fire wall, smoke and mines. or holds on until he is ordered to withdraw, etc. the student learns during his research.
Problem-based learning or problem-solving needs to be structured in a way that students can easily solve if they are researched or memorized based on the skills they have acquired from the scientific knowledge they have acquired. Otherwise, if the problem is based on the student's underdeveloped knowledge, the student will lose selfconfidence, self-confidence, and any academic education will be problematic for the student. Because it introduces the student to something that is still unknown. Problem-based learning enhances students' thinking skills. It's interesting to know everything. Helps to cultivate personal qualities such as ingenuity, striving to create independently.
The lecture uses oral presentation of information, long-term attention, ways to activate the audience's ideas, arguments, proofs, classification, systematization, generalization, and more.
Conversational Method: One of the main types of oral communication. It is one of the most widely used and effective methods. This is often called the question-and-answer method. In the process of teaching, the main and concluding parts of the introduction to the topic are discussed, the question-answer method is used. The well-thoughtout questions in the conversational method involve the teacher and the students in the discussion, which leads the student to master new concepts and laws of the system of facts. Demonstrative methods of teaching: they are conditionally divided into two.
1.Illustration method: -Poster, map, drawing on the board, portraits of scientists, paintings, etc. GARRISON SERVICE (ГАРНИЗОННАЯ СЛУЖБА) The type of special service defined for servicemen of a military unit located in a garrison is based on the notion that it is an integral part of military service, based on the image and location.
Compliance with the Charter of Garrison and Guard Services of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan is carried out by the relevant servicemen. Maintain high military discipline of servicemen, create necessary conditions for daily life and training of troops, as well as garrison-wide events (parades and demonstrations, wreath-laying, fireworks, guard of honor, burial of fallen servicemen and etc.), as well as the organization of the army to carry out activities such as fire and natural disasters, will provide the student with the necessary conclusion by providing information and specific pictures.
2. Demonstration method involves the demonstration of instruments, experiments, technical devices, and various types of drugs. This includes films and slides related to the method of presentation. Practical teaching methods include written exercises, native and foreign language, math and other homework assignments. Laboratory experiments, workshops, training workshops, and student work assignments are also practical methods of teaching.
For example: HEXOGEN (trimethylenetrinitroamine) (HEXOGEN) An explosive belonging to the high-strength type of briquettes.
This means that the concept is acquired through practical action and research. That is, it has the appearance of a white, tasteless, odorless, water-insoluble, water-repellent crystalline body, pure hexogen is not well pressed, so it is a phlegmatizer, which increases its compressibility and at the same time reduces its sensitivity to mechanical impact. (mixture of paraffin and ceresin) with a slight addition Phlegmatized hexogen, usually (with the addition of a small amount of water) dyed brown and pressed to 1.66 degrees, the student learns in practical classes with him. The impact of hexogen on impact is slightly lower than that of TEN, but the student can reinforce it not only on the basis of theoretical knowledge but also through practical knowledge that a rifle can explode from an impact (when a carat bullet is fired at it).
It burns actively, giving a white flame. The combustion process can lead to detonation. Chemical properties do not react with metals more stable than TEN, the use of phlegmatic hexogen from pure hexogen only for the preparation of capsule-detonators, the use of hexogen (TG-50) for cumulative charges from TNT (50:50 ratio) .
To prepare this mixture, the TNT is melted, powdered hexogen is added to this solution and mixed well. Hexogen mixed with TNT is less susceptible to external influences and can be prepared by burning in ammunition, adding powdered aluminum to the mixture of TNT with hexogen to increase the explosive energy. The inclusion of naval mixtures MS (sea mix) and TGA in such combinations helps the student to master military concepts based on an independent approach.