https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE)</strong> is a peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal, publishing high-quality manuscripts in forms of original research articles, review articles, book reviews, case reports, and discussions to answer important and interesting questions, develop or test a theory, replicate prior studies, explore interesting phenomena, review and synthesize existing research and provide new perspectives aimed at stimulating future theory development and empirical research related to education, integration, social sciences, humanities, language, literature, philosophy, and philology.</p> Research Parks Publishing LLC en-US International Journal on Integrated Education 2615-3785 <p>In submitting the manuscript to the <strong>International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE)</strong>, the authors certify that:</p> <ul> <li class="show">They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.</li> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.</li> <li class="show">That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,</li> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.</li> <li class="show">They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.</li> <li class="show">They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.</li> </ul> <p><strong>License and Copyright Agreement</strong></p> <p>Authors who publish with <strong>International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE)</strong>&nbsp;agree to the following terms:</p> <ul> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">Authors retain copyright and grant the <strong>International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE)</strong>&nbsp;right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under <strong>Creative Commons Attribution License</strong> <strong><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">(CC BY 4.0)</a></strong> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.</li> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the <strong>International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE)</strong>&nbsp;published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.</li> <li class="show" style="text-align: justify;">Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.</li> </ul> https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/5343 <p>This study examines the continued relevance and importance of chalkboards and charts as instructional materials in modern classrooms, particularly for effective teaching in resource-constrained areas. Despite advancements in technology and the rise of computer-based instruction, these traditional tools remain indispensable, especially in rural settings where access to electricity and innovative teaching media is limited. A library-based research method was employed, reviewing the perspectives of educationists and technologists on the enduring utility of chalkboards and charts. Key findings highlight the advantages, disadvantages, and practical applications of these tools in classrooms, emphasizing their role as cost-effective alternatives during power outages or in underserved regions. Field observations in Gokana, Rivers State, Nigeria, revealed the persistent reliance on these materials due to infrastructural and financial challenges. The study concludes that chalkboards and charts remain critical for achieving learning objectives in rural education and recommends their continued use alongside efforts to integrate innovative teaching methods.</p> Chigbu Prince Ozioma Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2024-12-10 2024-12-10 7 5 86 95 10.31149/ijie.v7i5.5343