Perception of Air Pollution and Annoyance Linked to Physical Levels of Pollution
Keywords:
Perception, Air Pollution, Annoyance, Linked, Physical Levels
Abstract
The study investigates the extent of perception of air pollution and annoyance among participants in Obio/Akpor LGA. The research design adopted is correlation design. The participants were randomly selected from the populations aged 20 and above. Sample size is 123 which consist of selected participant in Obio-Akpor LGA. Annoyance due to air pollution was self-reported on a 4- point scale (1: no disturbance at all, 4: intolerable disturbance) through the following question: ‘How much are you annoyed by outdoor air pollution (from traffic, industry, etc.) if you keep the windows open?’ Perception of Air pollution is measured by a questionnaire comprising of smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), defined as regular exposure to tobacco smoke at home and/or at work. Finally, the questionnaire asked about general as well as heavy vehicle traffic intensity in front of the home. This information was collected from a four-option question, where the options were no traffic, infrequent, frequent and constant traffic. The statistical analysis was performed using Pearson product correlation at 0.05 level of significance. Annoyance was associated with estimation of individual exposure to NO2, a pollutant related to traffic. There should be adequate awareness of the risks of air pollution.
References
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2. Brody SD, Peck BM, Highfield WE.Examining localized patterns of air quality perception in Texas: A spatial and statistical analysis. Risk Anal 2004;24:1561–74.
3. Brook RD, Franklin B, Cascio W et al. Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science of the American Heart Association. Circulation 2004;109:2655–71.
4. Brunekreef B, Holgate ST. Air pollution and health. Lancet2002;360:1233–42.
5. Burney PG, Luczynska C, Chinn S, Jarvis D. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey.EurRespir J 1994;7:954–60.
6. Chipps BE. Determinants of asthma and its clinical course. Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology 2004;93:309–16.
7. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 1986;7:177–88.
8. Environmental Health, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland, 2004.
9. Flynn J, Slovic P, Mertz CK. Gender, Race, and Perception of Environmental-Health Risks. Risk Anal 1994;14:1101–08.
10. Forsberg B, Stjernberg N, Wall S. People can detect poor air quality well below guideline concentrations: a prevalence study of annoyance reactions and air pollution from traffic. Occup Environ Med1997;54:44–48.
11. Gotschi T, Hazenkamp-von Arx ME et al. Elemental Composition and Light Absorbance of Ambient Fine Particles at 21 European Locations.Submitted to Amos Env 2004.
12. Graham SE, McCurdy T. Developing meaningful cohorts for human exposure models. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol2004;14:23–43.
13. Gustafson PE. Gender differences in risk perception: theoretical and methodological perspectives. Risk Anal 1998;18:805–11.
14. Hazenkamp-von Arx ME, Gotschi FT, Oglesby L et al. PM2.5assessment in 21 European study centers of ECRHS II: Method and first winter results. J Air Waste ManagAssoc 2003;53:617–28.
15. Hazenkamp-von Arx ME, Gotschi FT, Oglesby L. et al. PM2.5 andNO2 assessment in 21 European study centres of ECRHS II: annual means and seasonal differences. AtmosEnv 2004;53:617–28.
16. Hunter PR, Bickerstaff K, Davies MA. Potential sources of bias in the use of individual’s recall of the frequency of exposure to air pollution for use in exposure assessment in epidemiological studies: a cross-sectional survey. Environ Health 2004;3:3.
17. Hunter PR, Davies MA, Hill H, Whittaker M, Sufi F. The prevalence of self-reported symptoms of respiratory disease and community belief about the severity of pollution from various sources.Int J Environ Health Res 2003;13:227–38.
18. Johnson BB. Gender and race in beliefs about outdoor air pollution. Risk Anal 2002;22:725–38.
19. Junker MH, Danuser B, Monn C, Koller T. Acute sensory responses of nonsmokers at very low environmental tobacco smoke concentrations in controlled laboratory settings. Environ Health Perspective 2001;109:1045–52.
20. Kim E, Hopke PK, Pinto JP, Wilson WE. Spatial variability of fine particle mass, components, and source contributions during the regional air pollution study in St. Louis. Environ SciTechnol
21. Klepeis NE, Nelson WC, Ott WR et al. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol2001;11:231–52.
22. Kunzli N, Kaiser R, Medina S et al. Public-health impact of outdoor and traffic-related air pollution: a European assessment. Lancet2000;356:795–801.
23. McCurdy T, Graham SE. Using human activity data in exposure models: analysis of discriminating factors. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2003;13:294–317.
24. Nuckols JR, Ward MH, Jarup L. Using geographic information systems for exposure assessment in environmental epidemiology studies. Environ Health Perspect 2004;112:1007–15.
25. Oglesby L, Kunzli N, Monn C, Schindler C, Ackermann-Liebrich U, Leuenberger P. Validity of annoyance scores for estimation of long term air pollution exposure in epidemiologic studies: the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). Am JEpidemiol 2000;152:75–83.
26. Oncken C, Mckee S, Krishnan-Sarin S, O’Malley S, Mazure C. M. Knowledge and perceived risk of smoking-related conditions: a survey of cigarette smokers. Prev Med 2005;40:779–84.33
27. Passchier-Vermeer W, Passchier WF.Noise exposure and public health. Environ Health Perspect 2000;108:123–31.
28. Rotko T, Oglesby L, Kunzli N, Carrer P, Nieuwenhuijsen M. J, Jantunen M. Determinants of perceived air pollution annoyance and association between annoyance scores and air pollution (PM2.5,NO2) concentrations in the European EXPOLIS study. AtmosEnv2002;36:4593–602.
29. Schweizer C, Edwards R, Bayer-Oglesby L et al. Indoor Time-Microenvironment-Activity Patterns in seven Regions of Europe. JExp Science EnvEpidemiol Advance online publication May 2006; doi: 10.1038/sj.jes.7500490.
30. Ship JA, Weiffenbach JM. Age, gender, medical treatment, and medication effects on smell identification. J Gerontol1993;48: M26–M32.
31. Stansfeld S, Haines M, Brown B. Noise and health in the urban environment. Rev Environ Health 2000;15:43–82.
32. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey II. EurRespir J2002; 20:1071–79.
33. Williams ID, Bird A. Public perceptions of air quality and quality of life in urban and suburban areas of London. J Environ Monit2003;5:253–59.
34. Williams ID, McCrae IS. Road traffic nuisance in residential and commercial areas.Sci Total Environ 1995;169:75–82.
Published
2022-02-23
How to Cite
P. W, I., & Q., O. N. (2022). Perception of Air Pollution and Annoyance Linked to Physical Levels of Pollution. International Journal on Economics, Finance and Sustainable Development, 4(2), 57-67. Retrieved from https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJEFSD/article/view/2760
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Articles
