Analysis of Indonesia’s Car Exports During Vehicle Electrification in Export Destination Countries 2016-2022
Keywords:
Electric Vehicle, Car Export, EPD, Panel Regression
Abstract
The concern for low-emission economic activities has made many countries electrify
vehicles as a step to reduce CO2 emissions. The share of electric vehicle (EV) sales in the world
continues to increase exponentially, accompanied by a decrease in the average price of EVs in the
world. This is feared to threaten Indonesia's car exports, which are dominated by the internal
combustion engine (ICE) type. This study aims to analyze the competitive advantage position of
Indonesia's car exports as well as the factors affecting Indonesia's car exports in the country with
the largest EV share. The research methods used are export products dynamics (EPD) analysis and
unbalanced panel regression analysis. The independent variables used are Indonesia's car export
prices, GDP per capita of destination countries, average EV prices of destination countries, revealed
comparative advantages (RCA) values, and dummy free trade agreements (FTAs). The dependent
variable used is the export value of Indonesia's cars with HS code 8703. The results of the study
using EPD show that most of Indonesia's car exports in destination countries are in a less expected
position, namely falling stars. The results of the regression analysis show that car export prices and
EV prices in destination countries have a significant negative effect. GDP per capita and RCA have
a significant positive effect, while FTA has no effect.
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Reputation. Transportation Research Part D, 114(2023) 103530.
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and Analytical Framework. Pretoria: University of Pretoria.
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11. Hortinha, P., Lages, C., & Lages, L. F. (2011). The Trade-Off Between Customer and Technology Orientations:
Impact on Innovation Capabilities and Export Performance. Journal of International Marketing, 19(3): 36-58.
12. Iladini, K., & Agustina, N. (2020). Analisis Time Series Pendekatan Error Correction Mechanism: Pengaruh
Penerapan ACFTA Terhadap Ekspor Kopi Indonesia ke China Periode 2006-2018. Jurnal Statistika dan Aplikasinya
(JSA), 4(2).
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(2023).
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy Highlights.
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2(1): 10-20.
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And Ev Preference In Green And Non-Green Consumers. Transportation Research Part E, 170(2023), 103010.
19. Mahendra, G. W. (2022). Analisis Faktor – Faktor yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Udang Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat
Pada Tahun 1998 – 2020. (Unpublished bachelor’s thesis). University of Islam Indonesia.
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Kinerja
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2022.
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Permintaan Ekspor Minyak Sawit Indonesia di Negara OKI. Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik, 10(2): 111-124.
24. Nugraha, A. A., Darsono, Marwanti, S. (2023). Analisis Daya Saing Kompetitif Ekspor Pisang Indonesia di Pasar
Internasional. UMJember Proceeding Series 2(3): 167-173.
25. Qodri, M. I. A., & Widyastutik. (2023). Kebijakan Rendah Emisi Negara Anggota G20 dan Kinerja Ekspor
Kendaraan Bermotor Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, 12(1): 41-68.
26. Raharyo, A., Mertawan, G. A., & Baskoro, R. (2022). Competitive Advantage Between Indonesia and Thailand on
Electric Vehicle Manufacturing. Journal of Economics and Business Aseanomics, 7(2): 101-121.
27. Schmidt, G. M., & Porteus, L. M. (2000). The Impact of an Integrated Marketing and Manufacturing Innovation.
Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 2(4): 317-336.
28. Setyawati, I. K., Lin, Y. S., Setiawan, B. (2014). Analisis Permintaan Ekspor Karet Alam Indonesia ke Amerika
Serikat. AGRISE, 14(2). 89-106.
29. Statista
Market
Insights.
(2023).
Electric
Vehicles.
https://www.statista.com/outlook/mmo/electric
vehicles/worldwide.
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https://www.statista.com/statistics/281133/car-production-in-china/.
31. Trade
Statistics
for
International
Business
Development.
(2024).
Trade
Map Database.
https://www.trademap.org/Index.aspx.
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Towards Sustainability: Comparison Between EV, HEV, PHEV, and ICE Vehicles To Achieve Net Zero Emissions
by 2050 from EV”. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 82(2023). 459–467.
35. Wicaksono B.W., Wibowo E.W., Karjono A., & Aditya A. (2022). The Effect of Liquidity, Solvency and Company
Size on Financial Performance in Property and Real 102 Estate Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
2016-2020. LITERATUS. 4(2): 746–757.
36. Widarjono, Agus. (2013). Ekonometrika Pengantar dan Aplikasinya Edisi Keempat. Yogyakarta, UPP STIM YKPN.
37. World Bank. (2024). GDP per capita (current US$). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD.
38. Yatik, V. (2018). Pengaruh Variabel Ekonomi Makro Terhadap Ekspor Biji Kakao Indonesia ke Malaysia,
Singapura, Thailand, India dan China. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas
Brawijaya, 6(2).
Published
2024-08-29
How to Cite
Naufal, M., & Artiani, L. E. (2024). Analysis of Indonesia’s Car Exports During Vehicle Electrification in Export Destination Countries 2016-2022. International Journal on Economics, Finance and Sustainable Development, 6(8), 150-165. https://doi.org/10.31149/ijefsd.v6i8.5313
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