The incidence of myocardial infarction in young people
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs mainly in the population of middle-aged and elderly people, however, in recent years, the disease is increasingly developing in people under 45 years old, which, apparently, is associated with modern changes in lifestyle. Young men, smokers, people with a hereditary predisposition to the early development of cardiovascular pathology and having problems with employment are in the group at increased risk of early development of myocardial infarction. At a young age, the development of acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation on the electrocardiogram is most typical, which arose in patients without a previous history of angina pectoris. Rupture of the lining of atheroma as a cause of coronary thrombosis occurs in young people more often than erosion. Traditionally, in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis, rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque cover is considered the key moment, which is more typical for atheroma with a large lipid core, thin cover and high inflammation activity. This plaque is traditionally called "unstable". Tire erosion is more common in plaques with opposite characteristics and is more common in women and the elderly. Non-atherogenic causes of myocardial infarction at a young age can also be observed, for example, vasospasm, embolism in the coronary arteries in patients with endocarditis, etc. For the prognosis of the disease, it is important to assess the risk of complications, in particular, heart failure. It was found that young people have the lowest risk of its development.
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