Flexible Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Experiences and Challenges of Undergraduate Psychology Students in the University of Bamenda

  • Dr. Nji Roland Angu Assistant Lecturer of the University of Bamenda, Cameroon
  • Dr Ambei Moses Chu The University of Bamenda, Faculty of Education, Department of Curriculum and Pedagogy
Keywords: Flexible Learning, Covid 19 Pandemic

Abstract

Flexible Learning is a pedagogical approach that provides learners with a multitude of choices ranging from when, where and how learning occurs with the use of technologies. This study aimed at examining flexible learning during the Covid 19 Pandemic. More specifically, it investigated the experiences and challenges of online learning of first, second and third year undergraduate Psychology Students of the University of Bamenda during the Covid 19 pandemic. Vygotsky’s (1978) Theory of social constructivism provided the theoretical underpinnings of the study. The study made use of a Sequential explanatory design whereby fifty (50) male and female first, second and third year undergraduate Psychology students responded to both structured and unstructured questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured on a four point Likert scale format. Data analysis made use of frequencies and percentages, as well as thematic analysis for the open ended items. Findings indicate that the communication infrastructures put in place for online learning are very bad and unreliable to sustain online learning. The study also concluded that the online learning resources at the disposal of students are not suitable enough. Based on the findings, recommendations were made to the government, as well as educational authorities in the University of Bamenda to put in place structures and facilities to promote online learning.

References

1. Collis, B., Moonen, J. and Vingerhoets, J. (1997), Flexibility as a Key Construct in European Training: Experiences from the TeleScopia Project. British Journal of Educational Technology, 28: 199-217.doi:10.1111/1467-8535.00026
2. Collis, B. (1998). New didactics for university instruction: Why and how? Computers & Education, 31, 373–393.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1315(98)00040-2
3. Dorrian, J., & Wache, D. (2009). Introduction of an online approach to flexible learning for on- campus and distance education students: Lessons learned and ways forward. Nurse Education Today, 29, 157-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.20 08.08.010
4. Estes, Cheryl A. (2004), “Promoting Student-Centered Learning in Experiential Education,” Journal of Experiential Education, 27 (2), 141-160.
5. Goode, S., Willis, R., Wolf, J., & Harris, A. (2007). Enhancing IS Education with Flexible Teaching and Learning. Journal of Information Systems Education, 18(3), 297–302.
6. Huang, R., Chen, G., Yang, J., & Loewen, J. (2013). The New Shape of Learning: Adapting to Social Changes in the Information Society. In R. Huang & J. M. Spector (Eds.), Reshaping Learning SE - 1 (pp. 3–42). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32301-0_1
7. Huang, R. H., Liu, D. J., Tlili, A., Yang, J. F., & Wang, H. (2020). Handbook on Facilitating Flexible Learning During Educational Disruption: The Chinese Experience in Maintaining Undisrupted Learning in COVID-19 Outbreak. Retrieved from
https://iite.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Handbook-on-Facilitating-Flexible- Learning-in-COVID
8. Johnson, David W., Roger T. Johnson, and Karl A. Smith (1991). Active Learning: Cooperation in the College Classroom. Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company.
9. Karns, Gary L. (2006), “Learning Style Differences in the Perceived Effectiveness of Learning Activities,” Journal of Marketing Education, 28 (1), 56-63.
10. Khan, B. H. (2007). Flexible learning in an information society. Hershey, PA: IGI Global. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-325-8
11. Lee, M. J. W., & McLoughlin, C. (2010). Beyond distance and time constraints: Applying social networking tools and Web 2.0 approaches to distance learning. In G. Veletsianos (Ed.), Emerging technologies in distance education (pp. 61–87). Edmonton, AB: Athabasca University Press.
12. Leung, M. & Ivan, F. (2005), “Enhancement of Classroom Facilities of Primary Schools and Its Impact on Learning Behaviors of Students,” Facilities, 23 (13/14), 585-594.
13. Lewis, R. and Spencer, D. (1986) What is Open Learning?, Open Learning Guide 4, London Council for Education Technology, pp. 9 – 10
14. Luckin, R., du Boulay, B., Smith, H., Underwood, J., Fitzpatrick, G., Holmberg, J.,...Pearce, D. (2010). Using mobile technology to create flexible learning contexts. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2005(2), Article 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/200
5-22
15. Lundin, R. (1999) Flexible Teaching and Learning: Perspectives and Practices, UniServe Science News, Volume 13
16. Nikolova, I., & Collis, B. (1998). Flexible learning and design of instruction. British Journal of Educational Technology, 29, 59-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8535.00046
17. Ozdemir, O., Bonk, C. J.(2017). Turkish Teachers' Awareness and Perceptions of Open Educational Resources. Journal of Learning for Development, v4 n3 p307-321
18. Roberts, T., Jones, D. and Romm, C. T.(2000) "Four Models of On-line Delivery". In Proceedings of the Technological Education and National Development (TEND2000) Conference, Abu Dhabi, UAE, April 8-11, 2000.
19. Scott-Webber, L. (2004), In Sync: Environment Behavior Research and the Design of Learning Spaces, Ann Arbor, MI: Society for College and University Planning.
20. Van den Brande, L. (1993). Flexible and Distance Learning. New York, NY: John Wiley &
Sons, Inc.
21. Vygotsky, L. (1978). Interaction between learning and development. In Mind and Society (pp. 79–91). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
22. Wilkinson, A., Forbes, A., Bloomfield, J., & Gee, C. F. (2004). An exploration of four web-based open and flexible learning modules in post-registration nurse education. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 41, 411-424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. ijnurstu.2003.11.001
23. Wright, Lauren K., Mary Jo Bitner, and Valerie A. Zeithaml (1994), “Paradigm Shifts in Business Education: Using Active Learning to Deliver Services Marketing Content,” Journal of Marketing Education, 16 (3), 5-19.
Published
2021-12-11
How to Cite
[1]
Dr. Nji Roland Angu and Dr Ambei Moses Chu 2021. Flexible Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Experiences and Challenges of Undergraduate Psychology Students in the University of Bamenda. International Journal on Integrated Education. 4, 12 (Dec. 2021), 70-79. DOI:https://doi.org/10.17605/ijie.v4i12.2476.
Section
Articles