Social Media Practices among HUMSS Students in a Private School in Cabuyao City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v8i4.5470Keywords:
Social Media Practices, Digital Literacy, Fact-Checking, Privacy Awareness, Digital Footprint ManagementAbstract
This study evaluates the social media practices of HUMSS students from a private school in Cabuyao City through examinations of fact-checking and personal data protection and digital footprint awareness. Students face challenges in information management and privacy protection and online identity maintenance because social media platforms including Facebook, Instagram and TikTok have gained widespread popularity. The research bases its framework on Levine’s Truth-Default Theory and Westin’s Privacy Theory and Meckin’s Digital Footprint Management Theory. The research design uses quantitative methods while collecting data through a structured survey instrument. The assessment of students' knowledge and practices uses descriptive statistics to analyze data that compares results based on student age, gender and socio-economic status. The research findings demonstrate that students demonstrate average knowledge about fact-checking and privacy controls yet they struggle with proper information analysis and digital footprint management. The study demonstrates that schools should teach digital literacy as a curriculum subject to enhance students' responsible social media use abilities. The research contributes to digital citizenship discussions while providing educational and policy recommendations for meeting student digital literacy needs in the twenty-first century.
References
Abdullah F, Akhtar S, Malik A. Empirical review of social media and academic performance of students in higher education. 2025;6:355-363. doi:10.5281/zenodo.14824282
Akram G. Exploring the effects of fake news on public opinion: a mixed method approach. Remittances Review. 2024;9(4):508-525.
https://remittancesreview.com/menu-script/index.php/remittances/article/view/2142/1579
Alonzo C, Kim J. Improving digital literacy: the impact of curriculum on high school students' understanding of digital footprints. J Educ Technol. 2022;15(3):45-62.
Alonzo D, Oo CZ, Wijarwadi W, Hannigan C. Using social media for assessment purposes: practices and future directions. Front Psychol. 2023;13. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1075818
Caparas E, Ferrer N Jr. Personal and environmental related factors affecting freshmen students in online distance learning. EPRA Int J Multidiscip Res. 2025;11:529-540. doi:10.36713/epra20668
Cruz JD, Reyes ML. Enhancing teacher competence in digital literacy: a study on professional development in Philippine schools. Philipp J Educ. 2022.
Dela Cruz AB, Santos RM, Villanueva TS. Digital literacy in the Philippine education system: challenges and opportunities. J Educ Res Pract. 2021.
Ferrer N Jr, Caballes D. Non-routine problem-solving skills in trigonometric identities among third year Bachelor of Secondary Education major in mathematics students: basis for a framework on alternative thinking. 2025;37:103-111.
Galvin S. Teaching with social media: evidence-based strategies for making remote higher education less remote. Inf Learn Sci. 2020;ahead-of-print. doi:10.1108/ILS-04-2020-0138
Garcia M, Smith J, Lee A. Student online behavior and privacy risks: a survey study. J Cybersecur Educ. 2023;12(1):45-60.
Greenhow C, Galvin S. Teaching with social media: evidence-based strategies for making remote higher education less remote. Inf Learn Sci. 2020;121(7/8):513-524. doi:10.1108/ILS-04-2020-0138
Green M, Houghton R. Teaching digital citizenship: strategies for educators. Int J Inf Learn Technol. 2023;40(2):134-150.
Hollis A. Evaluating online information: practices among university students. Int J Inf Lit. 2020;12(1):23-37.
Jalli N. Three fact-checking challenges in Southeast Asia. 2020. https://theconversation.com/three-fact-checking-challenges-in-southeast-asia-148738
Jones R, Taylor S. Understanding risks: a study on student awareness of data protection. Int J Inf Secur. 2021;15(4):301-315.
Lee C, Roberts E, Green T. The use of security tools among university students: a quantitative analysis. Comput Secur. 2023;38(2):112-125.
Long C. Helping students spot misinformation online. 2024. https://nea.org/nea-today/all-news-articles/helping-students-spot-misinformation-online
McGill M, Thompson N. Exploring potential gender differences in information security and privacy. 2021. https://nikthompson.com/PDF/McGill-Thompson-2021-Gender-Infosecurity.pdf
McGrew S. Learning to evaluate: an intervention in civic online reasoning. Comput Educ. 2020;145:1-13. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103711
Miller H. The role of educational institutions in data protection awareness. J Educ Policy. 2023;29(3):200-215.
Nygren T, Wiksten Folkeryd J, Liberg C, Guath M. Students assessing digital news and misinformation. In: van Duijn M, Preuss M, Spaiser V, Takes F, Verberne S, eds. Disinformation in Open Online Media. MISDOOM 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol 12259. Springer; 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61841-4_5
Pacheco LF, et al. Digital citizenship: a review of the literature. J Educ Technol Soc. 2020;23(3):1-10.
Palupi. Training on digital footprint management for teenagers in Simo District, Boyolali. 2023. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373535473
Pennycook G, Epstein Z, Mosleh M, et al. Shifting attention to accuracy can reduce misinformation online. Nature. 2021;592:590-595. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03344-2
Roozenbeek J, Schneider CR. Combating misinformation through inoculation: a meta-analytic review. Health Psychol Rev. 2020;14(2):3-18.
Riaz M. Effect of social media on adolescent psychology and their educational performance. Crit Rev Soc Sci Stud. 2025;3:2871-2893. doi:10.59075/1mfrt766
Samala A, Rawas S, Criollo-C S, et al. Social media in education: trends, roles, challenges, and opportunities for digital-native generations—a systematic literature review. Asian J Univ Educ. 2024;20:524-539. doi:10.24191/ajue.v20i3.27869
Santos A. In the Philippines, distance learning reveals the digital divide. 2020. https://eu.boell.org/en/2020/10/06/philippines-distance-learning-reveals-digital-divide
Security.org. 2022 misinformation and disinformation study - Security.org. September 26, 2024. https://www.security.org/digital-security/misinformation-disinformation-survey/
Smith A, Wilson B, Wise C. Digital media literacy and the challenge of misinformation. TimTul Media. 2020. https://media.timtul.com/media/web_tcinew/Smith%20Wilson%20Wise%
Torres L. Curriculum reform for the 21st century: integrating digital skills in the HUMSS strand. J Curriculum Stud. 2023.
Tung T. Social media in the classroom: practical strategies for fostering collaborative learning and inspiration. J Electr Syst. 2024;20:1487-1507. doi:10.52783/jes.1524
Valeria. Digital footprint: understanding and managing your online presence. 2023. https://www.netreputation.com/digital-footprint-understanding-and-managing-your-online-presence/
Vigderman T. Americans are overconfident in their ability to detect misinformation online. Security.org. February 8, 2024. https://www.security.org/digital-security/misinformation-disinformation-survey/
Watts C. What is media literacy and why is it important. 2023. https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/what-is-media-literacy/
Wunderlich A, Zillich A. Multilayered social media self-presentation practices: how German adolescents present themselves on Instagram and Snapchat. J Child Media. 2025:1-18. doi:10.1080/17482798.2025.2455583
West J. Student awareness of digital privacy: a study of college students. J Digit Inf Manag. 2020;18(4):193-202.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
In submitting the manuscript to the International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE), the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.